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after

after
after

英 ['ɑːftə]
  美 ['æftɚ]

adv. 後來,以後
  prep. 在……之後
  conj. 在……之後
  adj. 以後的

conj.(連詞)after可用作連詞連接一個時間狀語從句,從句中一般用現在時表示將來。adv.(副詞)after用作副詞時常與soon, ever搭配,通常用於表示時間的名詞後。after用作副詞時不用於比較等級。註意after和in的使用:從某時說到多少時間以後,不用after,而用in。如果指“某個時刻,日期或事件以後”,用after。

He will/would arrive in four weeks.He will(或would)arrive after four o'clock /5 July/the ceremony.

表達“某事件的若幹時間以後”時,應是“若幹時間after事件”,而不是“after若幹時間of事件”。可說two hours after his arrival,不可說after two hours of his arrival。在“two hours after his arrival”前加不同的介詞,有不同的意思:“two hours after his arrival”單用時指“他到達兩小時以後”。若前面加the,如the two hours after his arrival指“他到達以後的兩小時”,加for指“在他到達以後的兩小時全段時間裡”,加in 跟沒有in意思相同,加within指“在他到達以後的兩小時中的某時刻”;指“若幹時間after日期或月份”時,常把當天的日期或當月除外。如five days after 3 July,指從7月4日算起的5天以後,也就是7月9日。但有例外,five days after I July可能指7月8日,months after July可能指11月,註意避免這種結構產生誤解;指“從過去的某時或某事說到現在”時,不用after,用since,所以可說Since his graduation he has been abroad.(since不可改成after)一定要改的話,可表示為After his graduation he went abroad. 這裡的after是介詞,用作連接詞時用法一樣。

He went abroad after he graduated.
不可說 He has been abroad after he graduated.

half after four,five minutes after eight等是美國英語,相當於英國英語half past four,five minutes past eight等,英國方言中也有half after four等表達方式;after引導的狀語從句,用現在時態,不用將來時態。

I shall start after he comes.

after常指時間先後的次序,而behind常指位置,如August comes after July,用after,,而A garden lies behind the house,用behind。不過有時after和behind可以通用。

Please shut the door after/behind you.
He came in after/behind her.

be after指“追求,要求”,

He is after you.
他正在追求你。He is always after me to teach him the violin.
他老是要我教他小提琴。

after all有時指“雖然這樣”,

In coming home we got caught in the rain and became wet through and through, after all I don't mind as we had a fine time.

不可說be after doing …,這裡不是指想要做什麼,或是將要做什麼,而是已經做瞭什麼。但是可以用after doing…的結構。

After completing this form, give it to the secretary.

after作為副詞時,通常不單用,而是以其他形式出現,如afterwards,then或after that。

I'm going to do my exams, and afterwards I'm going to study medicine.

中文詞源:

after 在後

來自PIE *apo, 從,後面,詞源同前綴ab-, 單詞of。-ter比較級後綴。

例句:

1. No matter where you go in life or how old you get, there's always something new to learn about. After all, life is full of surprises.
不管你生活在哪裡,你有多少歲,總有新東西要學習,畢竟,生活總是充滿驚喜。

2. He was fired from his job after roughing up a colleague.
他因為對一位同事動粗而被開除瞭。

3. The mystery hero imme-diately alerted police after spotting a bomb.
那個無名英雄發現炸彈後馬上報瞭警。

4. After a three-weekend courtship, Pamela accepted Randolph's proposal of marriage.
經過3個周末的追求之後,帕梅拉接受瞭倫道夫的求婚。

5. The ballot was re-run on Mr Todd's insistence after accusations of malpractice.
因被控舞弊,在托德先生的堅持下重新進行瞭投票。

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